Analisis Kesalahan Siswa SMP dalam Geometri (Suatu Kajian Sistematis dan Strategi Penanggulangan)

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the mistakes made by junior high school students in solving geometry problems, as well as to identify effective countermeasures. Based on a systematic literature review (SLR) of previous studies, the article classifies student errors into three main categories: conceptual errors, procedural errors, and visual representation errors. The analysis reveals that conceptual errors, such as misunderstanding the definitions and properties of geometric shapes, are the primary cause of difficulties in solving geometry problems. In addition, procedural errors, such as neglecting steps in calculations, and visual representation errors, such as the inability to draw or interpret geometric diagrams, were also found to be significant. In response to these errors, the article proposes countermeasure strategies based on both theoretical and practical approaches. Clear explanations of definitions and properties of geometric shapes, the use of visual technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), and cooperative learning with group discussions have proven effective in reducing conceptual errors. For procedural errors, repeated practice with immediate feedback, as well as the use of visual aids and technology, can help students follow procedures more accurately. Meanwhile, for visual representation errors, the development of specific training modules and systematic spatial thinking training are proposed as solutions to improve errors in drawing and interpreting diagrams. This study introduces a more comprehensive and innovative approach by integrating technology into geometry education, which represents one of the novel and significant contributions of this article.